Call for Papers - IJSTE Journal | Vol. 3 Iss. 10 April 2017

Call for Papers - IJSTE Journal | Vol. 3 Iss. 10 April 2017
Index Copernicus Value (2015) = 62.78
Impact Factor : 3.905
submit your article : www.ijste.org

Public Health Impact of Particulate Matter Pollution in Nepal: A Review | IJSTE JOURNAL VOL 3, ISS 4

Public Health Impact of Particulate Matter Pollution in Nepal: A Review

Worldwide air pollution continues to pose a significant threat to human health. Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health. According to Yale Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2016, Nepal ranked on 149 among 180 countries in terms of air quality. Nepal’s capital city Kathmandu, which also chokes beneath a blanket of pollution, there is neither data nor any proper information available regarding air quality. Different natural and anthropogenic reasons are responsible for the emission of complex mixtures of air pollutants, many of which are harmful to health. Particulate matter also consists of a complex mixture of solid and liquid particles of organic and inorganic substances suspended in the air. Particulate matter affects more people than any other pollutant. There is a close, quantitative relationship between exposure to high concentrations of small particulates (PM10 and PM2.5) and increased mortality or morbidity, both daily and over time. The effects of particulate matter on health occurs at levels of exposure currently being experienced by many people both in urban and rural areas and in developed and developing countries. Fine particles are more dangerous than coarse particles, as PM2.5 can penetrate into the alveolar regions of the lungs these particles may cause serious damage to developing lungs of children. Ambient particulate matter is responsible for harmful effects on health, even in the absence of other air pollutants. Long-term exposure to current ambient particulate matter concentrations may affect the lungs of both children and adults and may reduce life expectancy by a few months, mainly in subjects with pre-existing heart and lung diseases. Acute exposure studies that evaluated short-term (usually daily) variations in health end points such as hospitalizations, and lung function associated with short-term variations in levels of pollution. Long term (months, years) exposure can cause some chronic health issues like includes, increased mortality rates, reduced survival times, chronic cardiopulmonary disease and reduced lung function. The issues of particulate matter pollution should be addressed by the national level policy that can be applied at different public and private sectors. The government of Nepal has introduced several policies, legislation and standards related to air pollution. Those policies and legislation need to be implemented to fight against the pollution.

This Article is Research By Sudarshan Dhungana, Raksha Dahal, Yadav Bandhu Bhurtyal, Rishi Ram Bhatta, Thaneshwer Joshi and published by IJSTE JOURNAL

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Index Copernicus Value (2015) = 62.78

Impact Factor : 3.905

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Public Health Impact of Particulate Matter Pollution in Nepal: A Review |

A Secured Framework for Sharing Data using Diverse Image Media and Image Encryption | IJSTE JOURNAL VOL 2, ISS 12

A Secured Framework for Sharing Data using Diverse Image Media and Image Encryption

Secret images in shares that are either encoded and stored in a digital form or printed on transparencies or are hidden in Conventional visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme. Appearance of the shares as noisy-like pixels or as meaningful images; during the transmission of the shares it can cause suspicion and increase interception risk. Hence, transmission risk problem for the secret itself and for the involved participants in this scheme will be suffered in VSS schemes. To solve the transmission risk problem, we proposed a natural-image-based VSS scheme (NVSS scheme) in which secret images is shared via various carrier media so that the secret and the participants can be protected during the transmission. The proposed scheme can share one secret image over n selected natural images (called natural shares) and one noise-like share. Any kind of photos or hand-painted pictures in digital form or in printed form can be the natural shares. Based on these natural shares and the secret image the noise-like share is generated. The transmission risk problem can be reduced as the unchanged natural shares are diverse and innocuous. We also hide the noise like share to reduce the transmission risk problem. We have also used planned randomness in which during steganography the pixels are not stored in the carrier image original position instead the key is added to the original pixel position to obtain the new position which added additional security. Also we used alpha channel watermarking to find whether the images pixels are changed or not if changed then we can’t get the original image.

This Article is Research By Ashish Singh, Ajay Kumar Gupta and published by IJSTE JOURNAL

Call for Papers - IJSTE Journal | Vol. 3 Iss. 6 December 2016

Index Copernicus Value (2015) = 62.78

Impact Factor : 3.905

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Effect on Concrete Strength Due to Addition of Fiber | IJSTE JOURNAL VOL. 3, ISS 1

Effect on Concrete Strength Due to Addition of Fiber

Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete in which small and discontinuous fibers are dispersed uniformly. The fibers used in FRC may be of different materials like steel, G.I., carbon, glass, asbestos, polypropylene, jute etc. The addition of these fibers into concrete mass can dramatically increase the compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of concrete. FRC has found many applications in civil engineering field. Based on the laboratory experiment on fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), cube and cylinders specimens have been designed with steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) containing fibers of 0% and 0.5% volume fraction of hook end Steel fibers of 53.85, 50 aspect ratio. Comparing the result of FRC with plain M20 grade concrete, this paper validated the positive effect of different fibers with percentage increase in compression and splitting improvement of specimen at 7 and 28 days, analyzed the sensitivity of addition of fibers to concrete with different strength.

This Article is Research By Ajay N. Burile, Tejas R. Patiland published by IJSTE JOURNAL

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Visual Secret Sharing Provides Security to the Electronic Medical Report | IJSTE JOURNAL VOL 2, ISS 5

Visual Secret Sharing Provides Security to the Electronic Medical Report

the importance of secret image sharing method is to provide privacy and security, which is an important concern in the medical field. Providing authentication and security to medical data is a challenging task. So as to overcome this challenge the visual secret sharing scheme is proposed. In this method transform the secret pixels into m-array notational system. A threshold value is set in order to reconstruct the original image. The original image is being encrypted and is then shared into proportions .A cover image is being provided to each of these shares. The stego image of high quality is being formed. While reconstructing the image the threshold value along with the minimum number of shares is given. This technique is implemented in the medical field for storing and sharing Electronic Medical Report.

This Article is Research By ierin babu, ajitpappachan, reshmamurukesh, Gayatheri K and published by IJSTE JOURNAL
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Experimental Investigation Work of Diesel Engine by Developing Combustion Chamber Geometry | IJSTE JOURNAL VOL 1, ISS 12

Experimental Investigation Work of Diesel Engine by Developing Combustion Chamber Geometry

Morden internal combustion engines must meet high emission standard including better performance and fuel economy. An increased diesel engine population has created pressures on controlling diesel PM and NOx emissions. EGR to control NOx emissions by reticulating exhaust gases back into the combustion chamber to be burned a second time, thereby reducing emissions associated with health risks and also change in combustion chamber geometry to reduce exhaust emission. Major emissions from a diesel engine are NOx, SOx, CO and particulate matter (PM).amongst these pollutants CO and Sox and some quantity of particulate matters are reduced by some after treatment methods, improve combustion chamber geometry etc.

This Article is Research By Bhuva Paresh, U.C.Arvadia, A.A.Katariya and published by IJSTE JOURNAL

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